Camps
A brief description of the camps of the Third Reich and Fascist Italy where prisoners from Magnesia were held between 1941 and 1945, and for which information has been found. The camps are divided into four categories:
- Prisoner-of-war camps
- Concentration/labor camps
- Concentration and extermination camps
- Camps in fascist Italy
S
Sachsenhausen
Category: Concentration/labour camp
One of the oldest and largest camps of the Third Reich, located 35 kilometers north of Berlin. It was inaugurated in 1936 as a model camp under the command of the SS. In 1944, the number of prisoners and subcamps increased dramatically. Most of its new satellite camps were in Berlin or the wider Brandenburg region. By January 1945, the total number of prisoners had reached 66,000, of whom 13,000 were women. The death toll is estimated at 40,000–50,000. On April 21, 1945, 33,000 prisoners were evacuated on a death march to the west, while thousands did not survive.
USHMΜ, Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos, vol. I B (2009), 1256–1260.
One of the oldest and largest camps of the Third Reich, located 35 kilometers north of Berlin. It was inaugurated in 1936 as a model camp under the command of the SS. In 1944, the number of prisoners and subcamps increased dramatically. Most of its new satellite camps were in Berlin or the wider Brandenburg region. By January 1945, the total number of prisoners had reached 66,000, of whom 13,000 were women. The death toll is estimated at 40,000–50,000. On April 21, 1945, 33,000 prisoners were evacuated on a death march to the west, while thousands did not survive.
USHMΜ, Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos, vol. I B (2009), 1256–1260.
Sulmona
Category: Camps in fascist Italy
POW camp No. 78 began operating in 1940 for approximately 3,000 prisoners-of-war, mainly British, including the renowned anthropologist Jack Goody. The camp was housed in buildings belonging to the Monastery of the Holy Spirit (Abbazia di Santo Spirito), near the town of Sulmona, in a mountainous region east of Rome. Greek boatmen from the Sporades Islands were also held in this camp; they had helped Allied military personnel flee to the Middle East.
POW camp No. 78 began operating in 1940 for approximately 3,000 prisoners-of-war, mainly British, including the renowned anthropologist Jack Goody. The camp was housed in buildings belonging to the Monastery of the Holy Spirit (Abbazia di Santo Spirito), near the town of Sulmona, in a mountainous region east of Rome. Greek boatmen from the Sporades Islands were also held in this camp; they had helped Allied military personnel flee to the Middle East.